What is analyzed during a colonoscopy?

A colonoscopy is a medical procedure specifically designed to examine the large intestine, also known as the colon, as well as the rectum. During this procedure, a flexible tube with a camera is inserted through the rectum to visualize the inner lining of these areas.

This examination is crucial for diagnosing conditions such as polyps, inflammation, and cancer, allowing healthcare professionals to assess the health of the colon and rectum directly. While other options mention different parts of the digestive system, they do not accurately reflect the focus of a colonoscopy, which is exclusively concerned with the lower gastrointestinal tract—the colon and rectum. Therefore, the correct answer properly identifies the specific areas that are analyzed during this important medical procedure.